Cervical Screening Testing

What is Cervical Screening Testing?

Cervical screening testing, also known as cervical cancer screening, is a medical procedure used to detect abnormal changes in the cells of the cervix, the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. The purpose of cervical screening is to identify any precancerous or cancerous cells in their early stages, allowing for timely intervention and treatment to prevent the development of cervical cancer.

Who is Suitable for Cervical Screening Testing?

Cervical screening testing is typically recommended for women aged 21 and older. The screening frequency and age range guidelines can vary depending on the country and medical recommendations. Women are often advised to start cervical screening at 21 and continue every few years, often until age 65. The frequency of screening and the age range can be influenced by factors such as the woman's overall health, risk factors, and previous screening results.

Any woman who is sexually active or has a history of HPV infection is considered a suitable candidate for cervical screening. Individuals must discuss their circumstances with their doctor to determine the most appropriate screening schedule. Regular cervical screening plays a crucial role in the early detection and prevention of cervical cancer, which can significantly improve the chances of successful treatment and a positive outcome.

Australian Guidelines on Cervical Screening

The Australian National Cervical Screening Program aims to reduce the incidence and impact of cervical cancer. The guidelines specify that individuals with a cervix aged between 25 and 74 should undergo HPV testing every 5 years unless indicated by medical history or previous test results.

To learn more information about the National Cervical Screening Program, visit here.

Benefits of Cervical Screening Testing

• Early Detection of Abnormalities: Cervical screening testing can detect precancerous or abnormal changes in the cells of the cervix before they develop into cervical cancer. Early detection allows timely intervention and treatment, preventing disease progression.
• Reduced Mortality: Regular cervical screening has significantly reduced the mortality rate associated with cervical cancer. Detecting and treating precancerous changes early can prevent the development of invasive cervical cancer.
• Less Invasive Treatment: If abnormalities are detected early, the treatment options are often less invasive and have a higher success rate. This can lead to a better quality of life for individuals who receive treatment.
• Peace of Mind: Regular screening can provide peace of mind for individuals, as it helps identify potential issues and offers reassurance that their cervical health is being monitored.
• Prevention of Advanced Disease: Detecting cervical cancer in its early stages increases the likelihood of successful treatment and reduces the need for more aggressive treatments that may be required in the advanced stages.

Types of Cervical Screening Testing

• HPV Test: This test specifically checks for the presence of high-risk strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV), which is a major risk factor for cervical cancer.
• Liquid-Based Cytology: This test collects cells from the cervix, but the cells are suspended in a liquid medium, which is then analysed in the laboratory.

What to do Before a Cervical Screening Testing?

• Schedule an Appointment: Contact your doctor to schedule an appointment for the cervical screening test. Make sure to choose a time when you are not menstruating, as menstrual blood can interfere with the accuracy of the test.
• Avoid Intercourse: Refrain from having sexual intercourse, using tampons, vaginal medications, or spermicidal products for at least 48 hours before the test, as these activities can affect the test results.
• Inform Your Doctor: Tell your doctor about any medications, medical conditions, allergies, or previous cervical procedures you have had. This information can help ensure accurate results and proper care during the procedure.

Cervical Screening Testing Procedure

• Positioning: You will be asked to lie on an examination table and place your feet in stirrups. This allows the doctor to access and examine the cervix.
• Collection of Samples: The doctor will use a speculum to open the vagina and expose the cervix gently. They will collect a sample of cells from the cervix using a small brush or spatula. This process might cause a brief sensation of pressure or discomfort.
• Cell Collection: The collected cells are placed on a glass slide or in a liquid medium, depending on the test type.
• Specimen Analysis: The collected cells are sent to a laboratory for analysis. They will be examined under a microscope for any abnormal changes in the laboratory.

At our practice you can choose the option of your doctor performing the CST.  However, you can choose for a female doctor or our CST-trained senior practice nurse to perform this procedure.  Please discuss your preference with our reception team.

What to Expect After a Cervical Screening Testing?

• Mild Discomfort: Some individuals might experience mild cramping or spotting after the procedure. This is normal and should subside shortly.
• Resume Normal Activities: In most cases, you can resume your normal activities immediately after the test. There's usually no need for any downtime.
• Wait for Results: The cervical screening results will take some time to be processed and analysed in the laboratory. Your doctor will inform you when the results are available.
• Follow-Up: Your doctor will recommend the appropriate follow-up steps depending on your results. If any abnormalities are detected, further testing or procedures (such as colposcopy) may be recommended to assess the extent of the abnormalities.
• Routine Screening: If your results are normal, your doctor will advise you when your next screening should be scheduled based on your age, previous results, and guidelines.

Cervical Screening Testing Risks

Cervical screening testing is considered a safe procedure with minimal risks. However, there are a few potential risks and considerations to be aware of:

• Mild Discomfort or Pain
• Bleeding or Spotting
• False Positive or False Negative Results
• Infection
• Emotional Discomfort

What if Cervical Screening Testing is Delayed?

Delaying cervical screening testing can have implications for early detection and prevention. If screening is delayed, any precancerous changes or early-stage cervical cancer that might be present could progress unnoticed. The delay increases the risk of missing opportunities for timely intervention and treatment.

Regular cervical screening testing is a key preventive measure for cervical cancer, and early detection greatly improves the chances of successful treatment. Discuss your concerns about delays or missed screenings with your doctor to determine the best course of action based on your circumstances.